Logistics
Export documents and shipping terms, explained.
General information only. Actual documents, responsibilities and regulations depend on your transaction, route and countries involved.
Common shipping terms
- EXW (Ex Works)
- The seller makes goods available at their premises; the buyer bears nearly all cost and risk from there.
- FOB (Free On Board)
- The seller delivers goods on board the vessel at the named port of shipment; the buyer takes over cost and risk from that point.
- CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)
- The seller arranges carriage and minimum insurance to the destination port; risk transfers on loading.
Documents commonly involved
01
Commercial invoice
Describes goods, value and terms of sale; used for customs valuation.
02
Packing list
Itemises contents, quantities, weights and package dimensions.
03
Bill of lading / airway bill
Transport document issued by the carrier.
04
Certificate of origin
Declares the country of manufacture where required by the importer's country or trade agreement.
05
Inspection or test certificates
Where requested by the buyer or required by the destination market.
Confirm current requirements with your freight forwarder and customs broker.
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